A change in the environment of an organism is
- a stimulus
- a response
- an effector
- a coordinator
Which of these are effectors?
The peripheral nervous system includes
Receptors are
- cells that detect stimuli
- cells that react to stimuli
- cells that coordinate responses
- cells that provide energy for responses
Information passes down nerve cells as
- tiny electrical impulses
- chemicals in the bloodstream
- chemicals between nerve cells
- vibrations
Nerve cells are insulated by
- a fatty sheath
- a plastic sheath
- cytoplasm
- a thickened cell membrane
What are the gaps between nerve cells called?
- synapses
- junctions
- neurons
- cell bodies
When an impulse gets to a junction between two nerve cells...
- a chemical is produced in both cells and it diffuses across the gap
- a chemical is produced in one of the cells and it diffuses across the gap
- the electrical impulse jumps across the gap
- receptors produce a chemical and it diffuses across the gap
Reflexes are
- fast and involuntary
- slow and involuntary
- fast and under conscious control
- slow and under conscious control
Which order best describes a reflex?
- receptor > sensory neuron > motor neuron > effector
- sensory neuron > motor neuron > effector > receptor
- receptor > motor neuron > sensory neuron > effector >
- effector > sensory neuron > motor neuron > receptor
Reflexes can be a problem because
- they are fast
- they are inflexible
- they are involuntary
- they are learnt
Learning can adapt some reflexes by
Birds learn to avoid some brightly coloured caterpillers because
- they contain a poisonous chemical
- they bite them
- they are good to eat
- the caterpiller's colour is very bright
Which part of the brain is where memory, consciousness, language and intelligence operate?
- cerebral cortex
- cerebellum
- medulla
- pituitary gland
What is memory?
- the storage and retrieval of information
- the storage of information
- the retrieval of information
- the storage and retrieval of impulses
People with a very good memory train their brains by using
Scientists have discovered how memory works.
- True
- False
Something is learnt if
Drugs and toxins can affect behaviour because
- neurons use electrical impulses to pass on information
- chemicals are used at synapses
- brain cells are very sensitive
- the same chemicals are used to make the brain work
Which is the best explanation for why Ecstasy is a stimulant drug.
- it blocks the synapse receptors in some brain cells
- it stops a transmitter substance from being taken back in at some synapses
- it makes impulses work faster
- it decreases the concentration of serotonin in the brain